Check Your Healthy Heart I.Q.Prepared by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute
Answer "true" or
"false" to the following questions to test your knowledge of heart disease and
its risk factors. Check the answers and explanations by scrolling down
to see how well you do.
T F
1. The risk factors for heart disease that you
can do something about are: high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol,
smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity.
T F
2. A stroke is often the first symptom of high
blood pressure, and a heart attack is often the first symptom of high blood
cholesterol.
T F
3. A blood pressure greater than or equal to
140/90 mm Hg is generally considered to be high.
T F
4. High blood pressure affects the same number
of blacks as it does whites.
T F
5. The best ways to treat and control high
blood pressure are to control your weight, exercise, eat less salt (sodium),
restrict your intake of alcohol, and take your high blood pressure medicine, if
prescribed by your doctor.
T F
6. A blood
cholesterol of 240 mg/dL is desirable for adults.
T F
7. The most effective dietary way to lower the
level of your blood cholesterol is the eat foods low in
cholesterol.
T F
8. Lowering blood cholesterol levels can help
people who have already had a heart attack.
T F
9. Only children from families at high risk of
heart disease need to have their blood cholesterol levels
checked.
T F
10. Smoking is a major risk factor for four of
the five leading causes of death including heart attack, stroke, cancer, and
lung diseases such as emphysema and bronchitis.
T F
11. If you have had a heart attack, quitting
smoking can help reduce your chances of having a second
attack.
T F
12. Someone who has smoked for 30 to 40 years
probably will not be able to quit smoking.
T F
13. The best way to lose weight is to increase
physical activity and eat fewer calories.
T F
14. Heart disease is the leading killer of men
and women in the United States.
Healthy Heart I.Q.
1.
TRUE High blood pressure, smoking, and high blood
cholesterol are the three most important risk factors for heart disease. On the
average, each one doubles your chance of developing heart disease. So, a person
who has all three of the risk factors is 8 times more likely to developheart
disease than someone who has none. Obesity increases the likelihood of
developing high blood cholesterol and high blood pressure, which increase your
risk of heart disease. Physical inactivity increases your risk for heart
attack. Regular exercise and good nutrition are essential to reducing high
blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and overweight. People who exercise are
also more likely to cut down or stop smoking.
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2.
TRUE A person with high blood pressure or high
blood cholesterol may feel fine and look great; there are often no signs that
anything is wrong until a stroke or heart attack occurs. To find out if you
have high blood pressure or high blood cholesterol, you should be tested by a
doctor, nurse, or other health professional.
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3.
TRUE A blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater
is generally classified as high blood pressure. However, blood pressures that
fall below 140/90 mm Hg can sometimes be a problem. If the diastolic pressure,
the second or lower number, is between 85-89, a person is at an increased risk
for heart disease or stroke and should have his/her blood pressure checked at
least once a year by a health professional. The higher your blood pressure, the
greater your risk of developing heart disease or stroke. Controlling high blood
pressure reduces your risk.
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4.
FALSE High blood pressure is more common in blacks
than whites. It affects 29 out of every 100 black adults compared to 26 out of
every 100 white adults. Also, with aging, high blood pressure is generally more
severe among blacks then among whites, and therefore causes more strokes, heart
disease, and kidney failure.
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5.
TRUE Recent studies show that lifestyle changes
can help keep blood pressure levels normal even into advanced age and are
important in treating and preventing high blood pressure. Limit high-salt foods
which include many snack foods, such as potato chips, salted pretzels, and
salted crackers; processed foods, such as canned soups; and condiments, such as
ketchup and soy sauce. Also, it is extremely important to take blood pressure
medication, if prescribed by your doctor, to make sure your blood pressure
stays under control.
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6.
FALSE A total blood cholesterol of under 200 mg/dL
is desirable and usually puts you at a lower risk for heart disease. A blood
cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL or above is high and increases your risk of
heart disease. If your cholesterol level is high, your doctor will want to
check your levels of LDL-cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) and HDL- cholesterol
("good" cholesterol. A HIGH level of LDL-cholesterol increases your risk for
heart disease, as does a LOW level of HDL-cholesterol. A cholesterol level of
200-239 mg/dL is considered borderline-high and usually increases your risk for
heart disease. If your cholesterol is borderline-high, you should speak to your
doctor to see if additional cholesterol tests are needed. All adults 20 years
of age or older should have their blood cholesterol level checked at least once
every 5 years.
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7.
FALSE Reducing the amount of cholesterol in your
diet is important; however, eating foods low in saturated fat is the most
effective dietary way to lower blood cholesterol levels, along with eating less
total fat and cholesterol. Choose low-saturated fat foods, such as grains,
fruits, and vegetables; low-fat or skim milk and milk products; lean cuts of
meat; fish; and chicken. Trim fat from meat before cooking; bake or broil meat
rather than fry; use less fat and oil; and take the skin off chicken and
turkey. Reducing overweight will also help lower your level of LDL- cholesterol
as well as increase your level of HDL- cholesterol.
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8.
TRUE People who have had one heart attack are at
much higher risk for a second attack. Reducing blood cholesterol levels can
greatly slow down (and, in some people, even reverse) the buildup of
cholesterol and fat in the walls of the arteries and significantly reduce the
chances of a second heart attack.
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9.
TRUE Children from "high risk" families, in which
a parent has high blood cholesterol (240 mg/dL or above) or in which a parent
or grandparent has had heart disease at an early age (at 55 years of age or
younger), should have their cholesterol levels tested. If a child from such a
family has a cholesterol level that is high, it should be lowered under medical
supervision, primarily with diet, to reduce the risk of developing heart
disease as an adult. For most children, who are not from high-risk families,
the best way to reduce the risk of adult heart disease is to follow a
low-saturated fat, low cholesterol eating pattern. All children over the age of
2 years and all adults should adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern as a
principal way of reducing coronary heart disease.
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10.
TRUE Heavy smokers are 2 to 4 times more likely to
have a heart attack than nonsmokers, and the heart attack death rate among all
smokers is 70 percent greater than that of nonsmokers. Older male smokers are
also nearly twice as likely to die from stroke than older men who do not smoke,
and these odds are nearly as high for older female smokers. Further, the risk
of dying from lung cancer is 22 times higher for male smokers than male
nonsmokers and 12 times higher for female smokers than female nonsmokers.
Finally, 80 percent of all deaths from emphysema and bronchitis are directly
due to smoking.
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11.
TRUE One year after quitting, ex-smokers cut their
extra risk for heart attack by about half or more, and eventually the risk will
return to normal in healthy ex-smokers. Even if you have already had a heart
attack, you can reduce your chances of a second attack if you quit smoking.
Ex-smokers can also reduce their risk of smoke and cancer, improve blood flow
and lung function, and help stop diseases like emphysema and bronchitis from
getting worse.
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12.
FALSE Older smokers are more likely to succeed at
quitting smoking than younger smokers. Quitting helps relieve smoking-related
symptoms like shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain. Many quit to avoid
further health problems and take control of their lives.
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13.
TRUE Weight control is a question of balance. You
get calories from the foods you eat. You burn off calories by exercising.
Cutting down on calories, especially calories from fat, is key to losing
weight. Combining this with a regular physical activity, like walking, cycling,
jogging, or swimming, not only can help in losing weight but also in
maintaining weight loss. A steady weight loss of 1/2 to 1 pounds a week is safe
for most adults, and the weight is more likely to stay off over the long run.
Losing weight, if you are overweight, may also reduce your blood pressure,
lower your LDL-cholesterol, and raise your HDL- cholesterol. Being physically
active and eating fewer calories will also help you control your weight if you
quit smoking. 14. TRUE Coronary heart disease is the #1 killer in the United
States. Approximately 489,000 Americans died of coronary heart disease in 1990,
and approximately half of the deaths were women.
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14.
True
U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service
NATIONAL
INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
NIH Publication No. 93-2724
For
more info go to the US Government Health Finder Website:
http://www.healthfinder.gov |
